Department of Defense because it is used in products that are vital to national security. High-purity beryllium metal is classified as a strategic and critical material by the Strategic Materials Protection Board of the U.S. The current sole domestic source of beryllium is bertrandite ore from the Spor Mountain deposit in Utah beryl is imported mainly from Brazil, China, Madagascar, Mozambique, and Portugal. Although bertrandite is the source mineral for more than 90 percent of the beryllium produced globally, industrial beryl is critical for the production of the very high purity beryllium metal needed for some strategic applications. Two minerals, bertrandite (which is supplied domestically) and beryl (which is currently supplied solely by imports), are necessary to ensure a stable supply of high-purity beryllium metal, alloys, and metal-matrix composites and beryllium oxide ceramics. Bradley, Dwight C.īeryllium is a mineral commodity that is used in a variety of industries to make products that are essential for the smooth functioning of a modern society. Chen (1) Brett deBlonk (2) Iwona A.glass and beryllium to produce lightweighted aerospace mirror systems has reached its limits due to the long lead times, high processing costs.for making mirror structural substrates, figuring and finishing technologies being investigated to reduce cost time and cost, and non-destructiveįoley, Nora K. Silicon Carbide Technologies for Lightweighted Aerospace Mirrors Lawrence E. Silicon Carbide Technologies for Lightweighted Aerospace Mirrors The depth resolution reached can then be adapted for studying the supersaturated surface layer found on tokamak deposits. This way, we demonstrate that multi-wavelength Raman microscopy is sensitive to in-depth stress caused by ion implantation (down to  ≈30 nm under the surface for Be) and Be/C concentration (down to 400 nm or more under the surface for Be+C), which is a main contribution of this work. We have shown that, depending on the optical constants of the material probed, in depth sensitivity at the nanometer scale can be performed using different wavelengths. We also identified beryllium carbide signature, Be2C, combining Raman microscopy and DFT calculation. We identified the beryllium phonon density of states, its second harmonic and E 2G and B 2G second harmonic and combination modes for defective beryllium in the spectral range 300-700 and 700-1300 cm-1, lying close to Be-D modes of beryllium hydrides. We focus here on laboratory deposited and bombarded samples of beryllium and beryllium carbides and start to build a reference spectral databases for fusion relevant beryllium-based materials. This study demonstrates that Raman microscopy is a suitable technique for future post mortem analyses of JET and ITER plasma facing components. Preparing the future post-mortem analysis of beryllium-based JET and ITER samples by multi-wavelengths Raman spectroscopy on implanted Be, and co-deposited Be
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